Last but not least, stenciling is a special variant of printmaking and it involves carving the design out of a thin material and then printing the design by rubbing or spraying paint around the spaces that are cut out. The matrix retains its original surface but is specially prepared to allow for the transfer of the image. The difference between the relief/intaglio method and the planographic one is that, in the latter, the design is printed onto a flat surface. Technically speaking, intaglio printmaking is the reverse of the relief method - the ink is applied beneath the original surface of the matrix, such as the case with the techniques of engraving and etching. Here, the ink is applied to the raised surface of the matrix. The relief method is one of the simplest types of printmaking in which the material is carved or otherwise taken away from around the protruding design that is to be printed. Many experts agree that printmaking techniques can be roughly divided into four basic categories of relief, intaglio, planographic and stencil. Different Types of Printmaking Techniques Instead, what seems to be the key characteristic is the unique visual qualities that all types of printmaking have in their arsenal. Usually, the ability to have multiple originals is not the crucial feature for an author to choose printmaking over other mediums. However, printmaking techniques usually refer to a set of methods through which a fine arts print is made, an original creation of an artist who, instead of using a paintbrush or the chisel, has opted to use printmaking tools to express himself. Many modern readers tend to hear the words printmaking techniques and immediately think of mechanically mass-produced commercial products, such as books, newspapers and textiles. Afterwards, the matrix is usually destroyed as to prevent any future prints from being made.
Conventional fine prints are normally produced in limited edition sets and each print needs to be numbered and signed by the artist personally. After a matrix is created upon a block, plate, stone or screen, the depicted design is transferred by contact on the surface of the actual piece which then becomes the print. From a practical standpoint, prints are made from a sole original surface known by its technical name as a matrix or a plate. As such, pieces of printmaking are considered original artistic works despite the fact such artworks can exist in multiple copies.
While most types of artworks are identified as individual pieces that can never be completely replicated, printmaking techniques make an exceptional set of practices that possess the ability to create multiple copies of a single piece of art.
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